A transport layer protocol has several responsibilities, One is to create a process-to-process (program-to-program) communication; TCP uses port (1) to accomplish this. Another responsibility of a transport layer protocol is to create a  (2) and error-control mechanism at the transport level. TCP uses a sliding (3) protocol to achieve flow control. It uses the acknowledgment packet, time-out, and retransmission to achieve  (4) control. The transport layer is also responsible for providing a connection mechanism for the application program. The application program sends  (5) of data to the transport layer. It is the responsibility of the transport layer at the sending station to make a connection with the receiver.

For  (1) service, we need a virtual-circuit subnet. Let us see how that works. The idea behind virtual circuits is to avoid having to choose a new (2) for every packet sent. Instead,when a connection is established, a route from the(3) machine to the destination machine is chosen as part of the connection setup and stored in tables inside the (4) . That route is used for all traffic flowing over the connection, exactly the same way that the telephone system works.When the connection is released, the virtual circuit is also terminated. With connection-oriented service, each packet carries an (5) telling which virtual circuit it belongs to.

A transport layer protocol has several responsibilities, One is to create a process-to-process (program-to-program) communication; TCP uses port (1) to accomplish this. Another responsibility of a transport layer protocol is to create a  (2) and error-control mechanism at the transport level. TCP uses a sliding (3) protocol to achieve flow control. It uses the acknowledgment packet, time-out, and retransmission to achieve  (4) control. The transport layer is also responsible for providing a connection mechanism for the application program. The application program sends  (5) of data to the transport layer. It is the responsibility of the transport layer at the sending station to make a connection with the receiver.

An internet is a combination of networks connected by (1). When a datagram goes from a source to a  (2), it will probably pass many (3) until it reaches the router attached to the destination network. A router receives a  (4) from a network and passes it to another network. A router is usually attached to several networks. When it receives a packet, to which network should it pass the packet? The decision is based on optimization: Which of the available (5) is the optimum pathway?

For  (1) service, we need a virtual-circuit subnet. Let us see how that works. The idea behind virtual circuits is to avoid having to choose a new (2) for every packet sent. Instead,when a connection is established, a route from the(3) machine to the destination machine is chosen as part of the connection setup and stored in tables inside the (4) . That route is used for all traffic flowing over the connection, exactly the same way that the telephone system works.When the connection is released, the virtual circuit is also terminated. With connection-oriented service, each packet carries an (5) telling which virtual circuit it belongs to.

Both bus and tree topologies are characterized by the use of multipoint (1).For the bus, all stations attach, through appropriate hardware (2) known as a tap, directly to a linear transmission medium, or bus. Full-duplex operation between the station and the tap allows data to be transmitted onto the bus and received from the(3). A transmission from any station propagates the length of the medium in both directions and can be received by all other  (4). At each end of the bus is a (5) , which absorbs any signal, removing it from the bus.

For  (1) service, we need a virtual-circuit subnet. Let us see how that works. The idea behind virtual circuits is to avoid having to choose a new (2) for every packet sent. Instead,when a connection is established, a route from the(3) machine to the destination machine is chosen as part of the connection setup and stored in tables inside the (4) . That route is used for all traffic flowing over the connection, exactly the same way that the telephone system works.When the connection is released, the virtual circuit is also terminated. With connection-oriented service, each packet carries an (5) telling which virtual circuit it belongs to.

A transport layer protocol has several responsibilities, One is to create a process-to-process (program-to-program) communication; TCP uses port (1) to accomplish this. Another responsibility of a transport layer protocol is to create a  (2) and error-control mechanism at the transport level. TCP uses a sliding (3) protocol to achieve flow control. It uses the acknowledgment packet, time-out, and retransmission to achieve  (4) control. The transport layer is also responsible for providing a connection mechanism for the application program. The application program sends  (5) of data to the transport layer. It is the responsibility of the transport layer at the sending station to make a connection with the receiver.

An internet is a combination of networks connected by (1). When a datagram goes from a source to a  (2), it will probably pass many (3) until it reaches the router attached to the destination network. A router receives a  (4) from a network and passes it to another network. A router is usually attached to several networks. When it receives a packet, to which network should it pass the packet? The decision is based on optimization: Which of the available (5) is the optimum pathway?

A transport layer protocol has several responsibilities, One is to create a process-to-process (program-to-program) communication; TCP uses port (1) to accomplish this. Another responsibility of a transport layer protocol is to create a  (2) and error-control mechanism at the transport level. TCP uses a sliding (3) protocol to achieve flow control. It uses the acknowledgment packet, time-out, and retransmission to achieve  (4) control. The transport layer is also responsible for providing a connection mechanism for the application program. The application program sends  (5) of data to the transport layer. It is the responsibility of the transport layer at the sending station to make a connection with the receiver.